The extensive set of applications for IOT devices is often divided into consumer, commercial, industrial, and infrastructure spaces.
Consumer applications
A growing portion of IOT devices are created for consumer use, including connected vehicles, home automation, wearable technology, connected health, and appliances with remote monitoring capabilities.
Smart home
IOT devices are a part of the larger concept of home automation, which can include lighting, heating and air conditioning, media and security systems. Long-term benefits could include energy savings by automatically ensuring lights and electronics are turned off.
Elder care
One key application of a smart home is to provide assistance for those with disabilities and elderly individuals. These home systems use assistive technology to accommodate an owner’s specific disabilities. Voice control can assist users with sight and mobility limitations while alert systems can be connected directly to cochlear implants worn by hearing-impaired users. They can also be equipped with additional safety features
Commercial application
Medical and healthcare
The Internet of Medical Things (IOMT), (also called the Internet of health things), is an application of the IOT for medical and health related purposes, data collection and analysis for research, and monitoring. The IOMT has been referenced as “Smart Healthcare”, as the technology for creating a digitised healthcare system, connecting available medical resources and healthcare services.
IOT devices can be used to enable remote health monitoring and emergency notification systems. These health monitoring devices can range from blood pressure and heart rate monitors to advanced devices capable of monitoring specialised implants, such as pacemakers, Fitbit electronic wristbands, or advanced hearing aids.
Transportation
Digital variable speed-limit sign
The IOT can assist in the integration of communications, control, and information processing across various transportation systems. Application of the IOT extends to all aspects of transportation systems (i.e. the vehicle, the infrastructure, and the driver or user). Dynamic interaction between these components of a transport system enables inter- and intra-vehicular communication, smart traffic control, smart parking, electronic toll collection systems, logistics and fleet management, vehicle control, safety, and road assistance
Building and home automation
IOT devices can be used to monitor and control the mechanical, electrical and electronic systems used in various types of buildings (e.g., public and private, industrial, institutions, or residential) in home automation and building automation systems. In this context, three main areas are being covered in literature:
- The integration of the Internet with building energy management systems in order to create energy efficient and IOT-driven “smart buildings”.
- The possible means of real-time monitoring for reducing energy consumption and monitoring occupant behaviors.
- The integration of smart devices in the built environment and how they might to know how to be used in future applications.
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